HOPES Glossary

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2-DG - 2-deoxy-D-glucose. A substance that helps induce autophagy and thus decrease huntingtin protein aggregation. Also has been shown to increase levels of HSP-70 and GRP-78.

3-hydroxykynurenin (3HK) – A free radical generator that is present in increased amounts in humans with HD and HD mice.

3-NP - Abbreviation for 3-nitroproprionic acid.

3-nitroproprionic acid (3-NP) - An inhibitor of complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain. It binds to a site in the complex II protein, preventing it from performing its usual function.

5-lipoxygenase - An enzyme that leads to the production of leukotrienes, which are chemicals that contribute significantly to inflammation.

5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) – A molecule that is made from serotonin. It is present in decreased levels in the brains of HD mice.

Last Modified: 05/22/2009

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